On January 30, the International School Day of Non-Violence and Peace is celebrated, on the anniversary of the death of Mahatma Gandhi (India, 1869-1948), a pacifist leader who defended and promoted non-violence and peaceful resistance against injustice and that he was assassinated for defending these ideas.
An education inspired by a culture of non-violence and peace allows schoolchildren to acquire (/əˈkwaɪər/ ) knowledge, attitudes and skills that reinforce their development as critical global citizens committed to their rights and those of others.
"Imagine" is a song by British rock musician John Lennon from his 1971 album of the same name. The best-selling single of his solo career, the lyrics encourage listeners to imagine a world of peace, without materialism, without borders separating nations and without religion.
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Mohandas Gandhi
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Mohandas Gandhi
- Occupation: Civil
Rights Leader
- Born: October 2,
1869 in Porbandar, India
- Died: January 30, 1948 in New Delhi, India
- Best known for: Organizing non-violent civil rights
protests
Biography:
Mohandas Gandhi is one of the most famous
leaders and champions for justice in the world. His principles and firm belief
in non-violence have been followed by many other important civil rights leaders including
Martin Luther King, Jr. and Nelson Mandela. His renown is such that he is
mostly just referred to by the single name "Gandhi".
Where did Mohandas Gandhi grow up?
Mohandas was born in Porbandar, India on October 2, 1869.
He came from an upper class family and his father was a leader in the local
community. As was tradition where he grew up, Mohandas' parents arranged a
marriage for him at the age of 13. Both the arranged marriage and the young age
may seem strange to some of us, but it was the normal way of doing things where
he grew up.
Mohandas' parents wanted him to become a
barrister, which is a type of lawyer. As a result, when he was 19 years old
Mohandas traveled to England where he studied law at the University College
London. Three years later he returned to India and started his own law
practice. Unfortunately, Mohandas' law practice wasn't successful, so he took a
job with an Indian Law firm and moved to South Africa to work out of the South
African law office. It was in South Africa where Gandhi would experience racial
prejudice against Indians and would begin his work in civil rights.
What did Gandhi do?
Once back in India, Gandhi led the fight for
Indian independence from the British Empire. He organized several non-violent
civil disobedience campaigns. During these campaigns, large groups of the
Indian population would do things like refusing to work, sitting in the
streets, boycotting the courts, and more. Each of these protests may seem small
by themselves, but when most of the population does them at once, they can have
an enormous impact.
Gandhi was put in prison several times for
organizing these protests. He would often fast (not eat) while he was in
prison. The British government would eventually have to release him because the
Indian people had grown to love Gandhi. The British were scared what would
happen if they let him die.
One of Gandhi's most successful protests was
called the Salt March. When Britain put a tax on salt, Gandhi decided to walk
241 miles to the sea in Dandi to make his own salt. Thousands of Indians joined
him in his march.
Gandhi also fought for civil rights and
liberties among Indian people.
Did he have other names?
Mohandas Gandhi is often called Mahatma Gandhi.
Mahatma is a term that means Great Soul. It's a religious title sort of like
"Saint" in Christianity. In India he is called the Father of the
Nation and also Bapu, which means father.
How did Mohandas die?
Gandhi was assassinated on January 30, 1948. He
was shot by a terrorist while attending a prayer meeting.
Fun Facts about Mohandas Gandhi
- The 1982 movie Gandhi won
the Academy Award for best motion picture.
- His birthday is a national
holiday in India. It is also the International Day of
Non-Violence.
- He was the 1930 Time
Magazine Man of the Year.
- Gandhi wrote a lot.
The Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi have 50,000 pages!
- He was nominated for the
Nobel Peace Prize five times.
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